Você deseja criar layouts de página de categoria exclusivos no WordPress?
Nos sites do WordPress, é comum usar modelos diferentes para categorias, tags, tipos de post personalizados e taxonomias.
Neste artigo, mostraremos a você como criar modelos de categoria no WordPress.
Por que criar modelos de categoria no WordPress?
O WordPress gera páginas individuais para todas as suas categorias. Você pode visualizá-las visitando um URL como:
https://example.com/category/news/
A maioria dos temas populares do WordPress vem com modelos incorporados para exibir páginas de categoria de forma bonita. Esses modelos destacam o título da categoria e mostram a descrição da categoria abaixo dele.
No entanto, alguns temas podem não lidar com isso tão bem, ou você pode querer personalizar suas páginas de categoria.
Ao criar modelos para categorias, você pode adicionar recursos específicos às páginas de categoria.
Por exemplo, você pode permitir que os usuários se inscrevam em categorias, adicionem imagens de categorias, mostrem descrições de categorias e escolham um layout diferente para cada categoria.
Vamos dar uma olhada em como criar modelos de categoria no WordPress. Você pode usar os links rápidos abaixo para ir para diferentes partes do nosso tutorial:
Hierarquia de modelos do WordPress para páginas de categoria
O WordPress tem um poderoso sistema de modelos que permite criar modelos diferentes para diferentes seções do seu site.
Ao exibir qualquer página, o WordPress procura um modelo em uma ordem hierárquica predefinida.
Para exibir uma página de categoria, ele procura os modelos na seguinte ordem: category-slug.php → category-id.php → category.php → archive.php → index.php
Primeiro, o WordPress procurará um modelo específico para essa categoria em particular usando o slug da categoria. Por exemplo, o modelo category-design.php será usado para exibir a categoria “Design”.
Se não encontrar um modelo category-slug, o WordPress procurará um modelo com um ID de categoria, como category-6.php. Depois disso, ele procurará o modelo de categoria genérico, que geralmente é category.php.
Se não houver um modelo de categoria genérico presente, o WordPress procurará um modelo de arquivo genérico, como archive.php. Por fim, ele usará o modelo index.php para exibir a categoria.
Este é o nosso guia de hierarquias de modelos do WordPress.
Criação de um modelo de categoria para seu tema no WordPress
Vamos primeiro dar uma olhada em um modelo category.php típico:
<?php
/**
* A Simple Category Template
*/
get_header(); ?>
<section id="primary" class="site-content">
<div id="content" role="main">
<?php
// Check if there are any posts to display
if ( have_posts() ) : ?>
<header class="archive-header">
<h1 class="archive-title">Category: <?php single_cat_title( '', false ); ?></h1>
<?php
// Display optional category description
if ( category_description() ) : ?>
<div class="archive-meta"><?php echo category_description(); ?></div>
<?php endif; ?>
</header>
<?php
// The Loop
while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); ?>
<h2><a href="<?php the_permalink() ?>" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to <?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h2>
<small><?php the_time('F jS, Y') ?> by <?php the_author_posts_link() ?></small>
<div class="entry">
<?php the_content(); ?>
<p class="postmetadata"><?php
comments_popup_link( 'No comments yet', '1 comment', '% comments', 'comments-link', 'Comments closed');
?></p>
</div>
<?php endwhile;
else: ?>
<p>Sorry, no posts matched your criteria.</p>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
</section>
<?php get_sidebar(); ?>
<?php get_footer(); ?>
Agora, vamos supor que você tenha uma categoria chamada “Design” com o slug de categoria “design” e deseja exibir essa categoria de forma diferente das outras.
Para fazer isso, você precisa criar um modelo para essa categoria específica. Vá para Appearance ” Theme Editor.
Na lista de arquivos de tema à direita, clique em category.php. Se você não tiver um arquivo category.php, procure por archive.php.
Se não conseguir encontrar nenhum desses modelos, há uma boa chance de você estar usando uma estrutura de tema do WordPress e este tutorial pode não ser útil para você. Sugerimos que consulte a estrutura específica que está usando.
Se você encontrar os arquivos acima, copie todo o conteúdo do category.php e cole-o em um editor de texto como o Bloco de Notas. Salve esse arquivo como category-design.php.
Em seguida, você precisa se conectar à hospedagem do WordPress usando um cliente FTP e ir para /wp-content/themes/your-current-theme/ e carregar o arquivo category-design.php no diretório do tema.
Agora, qualquer alteração que você fizer nesse modelo aparecerá somente na página de arquivo dessa categoria específica.
Com essa técnica, você pode criar modelos para quantas categorias quiser. Basta usar category-{category-slug}.php como o nome do arquivo. Você pode encontrar slugs de categoria visitando a seção de categorias na área de administração do WordPress.
Aqui está um exemplo de um modelo category-slug.php. Observe que usamos o mesmo modelo do category.php com algumas alterações.
Como já sabemos a categoria para a qual ele será usado, podemos adicionar título, descrição ou qualquer outro detalhe manualmente. Observe também que usamos <?php the_excerpt(); ?> em vez de <?php the_content(); ?>.
<?php
/**
* A Simple Category Template
*/
get_header(); ?>
<section id="primary" class="site-content">
<div id="content" role="main">
<?php
// Check if there are any posts to display
if ( have_posts() ) : ?>
<header class="archive-header">
<?php
// Since this template will only be used for Design category
// we can add category title and description manually.
// or even add images or change the layout
?>
<h1 class="archive-title">Design Articles</h1>
<div class="archive-meta">
Articles and tutorials about design and the web.
</div>
</header>
<?php
// The Loop
while ( have_posts() ) : the_post();
<h2><a href="<?php the_permalink() ?>" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to <?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h2>
<small><?php the_time('F jS, Y') ?> by <?php the_author_posts_link() ?></small>
<div class="entry">
<?php the_excerpt(); ?>
<p class="postmetadata"><?php
comments_popup_link( 'No comments yet', '1 comment', '% comments', 'comments-link', 'Comments closed');
?></p>
</div>
<?php endwhile; // End Loop
else: ?>
<p>Sorry, no posts matched your criteria.</p>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
</section>
<?php get_sidebar(); ?>
<?php get_footer(); ?>
Se você não quiser usar o modelo category-slug, poderá usar o modelo category-id para criar um modelo para um ID de categoria específico. Veja como encontrar um ID de categoria no WordPress.
Uso de tags condicionais para uma categoria
Ao criar modelos para o seu tema, você precisa determinar se realmente precisa de um modelo separado para fazer o que deseja.
Em alguns casos, as alterações que você deseja fazer não são muito complicadas e podem ser feitas usando tags condicionais dentro de um modelo genérico, como category.php ou mesmo archive.php.
O WordPress oferece suporte a muitas tags condicionais que os autores de temas podem usar em seus modelos.
Um exemplo de uma tag condicional é is_category(). Usando essa tag condicional, você pode alterar seus modelos para exibir resultados diferentes se a condição for atendida.
Por exemplo, vamos supor que você tenha uma categoria para postagens em destaque chamada “Featured” (Destaque).
Agora você deseja mostrar algumas informações adicionais na página de arquivo da categoria para essa categoria específica. Para fazer isso, adicione este código no arquivo category.php logo após <?php if ( have_posts() ) : ?>.
<header class="archive-header">
<?php if(is_category( 'Featured' )) : ?>
<h1 class="archive-title">Featured Articles:</h1>
<?php else: ?>
<h1 class="archive-title">Category Archive: <?php single_cat_title(); ?> </h1>
<?php endif; ?>
</header>
Criar um modelo de categoria usando o Beaver Themer
OBeaver Themer permite que você crie layouts para o seu tema. Você pode selecionar as categorias individuais em que deseja usar o modelo e editá-las usando uma ferramenta de arrastar e soltar.
Primeiro, você precisa acessar Beaver Builder ” Themer Layouts ” Add New page.
Você precisará dar um título a ele.
Em seguida, selecione sua categoria na opção “Location” (Localização).
A partir daí, você poderá usar o editor de arrastar e soltar do Beaver Builder para personalizar a página de layout da categoria a seu gosto.
O Beaver Themer fornece vários módulos que você pode usar e mover para criar a página de layout da categoria.
Quando terminar, basta clicar no botão “Done” (Concluído) e selecionar “Publish” (Publicar) para aplicar seu modelo de categoria.
Agora você pode visitar seu site do WordPress para ver o modelo de categoria em ação.
Esperamos que este artigo tenha ajudado você a aprender como criar modelos de categoria no WordPress. Talvez você também queira ver nossa comparação dos melhores construtores de páginas do WordPress do tipo arrastar e soltar para criar layouts personalizados e nosso guia sobre como criar um site de associação para que você possa restringir o conteúdo com base em categorias.
Se você gostou deste artigo, inscreva-se em nosso canal do YouTube para receber tutoriais em vídeo sobre o WordPress. Você também pode nos encontrar no Twitter e no Facebook.
Syed Balkhi says
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Gwyneth Llewelyn says
I just wanted to thank you — not only for the clarity of the explanations, but, most importantly, for restricting your code to the essential, while keeping all typical WordPress conventions (in terms of styling) as they were originally coded (even if they have, today, a ‘retro’ style of coding!).
This simplifies, for beginners and forgetful experienced programmers alike, to fully integrate a category page on a theme that doesn’t support them; because even though every theme does it slightly differently, there is enough common ground for a simple template to do its job while delegating more complex functionalities to theme-specific functions. That is, at least, the case with well-written themes, of course.
Thanks again!
WPBeginner Support says
You’re welcome, glad you found our guide and writing style helpful!
Administrador
Ashlesha Shirsath says
Very useful, Nice Tutorial !!
Thank You
WPBeginner Support says
Glad our guide was helpful!
Administrador
Muhammad Zeeshan says
I want to create the same custom page for all categories but I don’t want to create it one by one. If I add a new category in the future, I want the same template for the new category as for the old one. How can I get this?
Alexandro Giles says
You only need to create 1 category.php template, this category template will be used in any category archive that you create.
Daniel says
Hi – Its a very helpful tutorial but I am trying to show a specific category and its sub categories on a page – How do i do that ?
WPBeginner Support says
You would want to take a look at our guide below on this:
https://www.wpbeginner.com/wp-tutorials/display-subcategories-on-category-pages-in-wordpress/
Administrador
Mike Clegg says
This is incredibly helpful! Thanks so much!
WPBeginner Support says
You’re welcome
Administrador
shilpi pandey says
Thanks a lot, You saved my time.
Barbara says
I’m putting my question here because it’s the closest topic to what I am looking for. My church is going to put out a newsletter using Constant Contact. Our current newsletter has both short items and longer articles. I want to use short excerpts of the longer articles in the newsletter with a link to the article online. To that end, I have created a category-newsletter and using a plugin Unique Headers have changed the header image. I want now to suppress the H1 in the header, but since the header is called from the post page, the only way I can think of to obtain the result that I want is to do a custom page/post in which I don’t call header.php but include the contents of header.php in my custom post page. I might even want to do a custom footer.
How do I do that without causing an error?
Steven Denger says
This is a knowledgable tutorial for making templates – if you are an advanced user of code. This is what I see too much here- an explanation for the advanced users or developers but is of little to no value to beginners. I thought that this was WP BEGINNER – this is hardly a beginners tutorial and was of no help to me what-so-ever.
Daniel says
Hello, great tutorial. I really want to add a limit of 5 posts per page and have page numbering. Can someone help me with the code?
Chris Smith says
Thank you so much for writing this article – I was trying so hard to find where the categories were stored for my personal blog site. I had been through every php I could find and searched relentlessly for categories in my FTP/ control panel. Although the advice given here basically said it couldn’t help and i wouldn’t find it useful, it did encourage me to look at the content.php which was in the ‘framework’ directory of the theme. If anyone else is using the free version of the plum theme and wants to know how to do this in ftp, I hope this comment is useful!
Richard Lowe says
My theme came without a template for categories, tags, etc. So this article is perfect since I want them.
Question: Would it be best to do this in a child theme so custom changes are not lost if and when the theme is updated?
Borislav says
For Custom Single Post page templates by category one could make a separated folder called “single” and then put inside all single templates like single-category-slug.php. + the general single.php. There was also necessary to add some code in functions.php. Can you do the same technique for Category page templates, like put all category-slug.php + the general category.php in a map called “category” ? I wonder that just to have a better file oragization istead of having all category-slug.php among all other theme php files like header.php footer.php index.php etc.
rami mike says
Thanks… that’s very useful. What if i want an archive page that display all the posts from 3 of my 5 categories….
How can i do that ?
WPBeginner Support says
Hi Rami,
You can create a custom archive page and then write a custom WP Query or use Display Posts Shortcode plugin.
Administrador
Bruno Silva says
Very useful, saved my day!
Amit Moral says
how to develop many category template with different-different layout
Mark says
Nice tutorial, I really appreciate the huge investment in wordpress tutorial and also in OptinMonster. But I will like to point out something in the tutorial: In the category template, you forget to echo the single_cat_title( ”, false );
It should be:
Category:
Thanks
Dan says
When I use this template, I get the max set number of posts in the Dashboard, which is 10 posts only. When I select a category I want all of the posts for that category, not only the most recent 10. I tried adding query_posts(‘posts_per_page=50’); at the beginning of the Loop, but when I do that then posts from a different category are appearing in my selection. Any ideas?
Dnil says
Hi, I have category.php file on my theme. But whenever I view it, it shows only the title and a brief summary of the post. I want to have image of the post instead of text appear below the blog title. Please help me sir. I can’t find a better solution. I’m a newbie at wordpress
Thank you
Dnil says
Hi,
I’m getting real problem on how can I add “Image” in the category page instead of “text”?
Please is anyone can help me here?
Here’s my category.php
Thanks in advance. Please email me on how to fix this stuff.
WPBeginner Support says
Add this code where you want to display featured image.
1-click Use in WordPress
You may also want to checkout our guide on how to add featured image or post thumbnail in WordPress.
Administrador
SevenT says
Thank you for this helpful post. But when i try a first one code. It make error.
Parse error: syntax error, unexpected ‘<' in \category.php on line 22
And the second one is same error on line 31
What happen? I have checked it.
DJ says
I realize I’m a little late but hopefully it’ll help someone. Line 21 and 29 are missing closing tags ?> which causes an error on the following line:
21 if ( category_description() ) : ?>
29 while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); ?>
WPBeginner Support says
Thank you for notifying us. We have fixed the code.
Administrador
Kasper says
Hi,
just add ?> after while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); on line 30
Lisa says
I am using Divi 2.1.4. I do not see any archive or category php. Can I use the index.php as the base and modify from there for a custom category page?
JAspen says
How would I have all my category page templates display on one page? I have 3 different category templates and look great on each single category page, but need them to display all together on one page.
WPBeginner Staff says
Thank you for notifying us. We fixed the code.
Desiana Miranti says
Thank you so much, this blog is extremely useful!
Bruce Bates says
I solved my problem with your example code. You didn’t close the while loop on line 29 ?>
29 while ( have_posts() ) : the_post();
Muddasir says
kindly have a look on line 41 you will see while loop closed.
Brian Bambl says
No, it’s not closed on line 40.
Bruce Bates says
I am trying to create a theme (first time) and I am stuck on the category template. Have things changed as of wordpress 3.9? I literally copied and pasted the code you have here (removing the line numbers), saved the file, and tested it out and I get a fully blank page. Not even an opening html tag is happening when viewing outputted source.
Andy says
Yes man same problem – copy and paste – blank page – no hidden html whatsoever
Deepa Govind says
Hi,
I am developing a child theme, and want to show a specific image alongside the category description — @ Category Archives page.
ie, If category = Poetry, SHOW + description + post list
if category = cooking, SHOW + description + post list
if category = tutrial, SHOW + description + post list
I know that we can put the IF-Condition in the category.php’s >> Archive header
But, my list is pretty long — almost 20 categories
and I donot want to clutter the actual category.php file
Is it possible to write a custom function (in myfunc.php)
and make a call at the category.php??
Thank you
Deepa Govind says
This is wierd, some of my text in the comment is missing
so here it is again
ie, If category = Poetry, SHOW QUILL IMAGE+ description + post list
if category = cooking, SHOW CHEF IMAGE+ description + post list
if category = tutrial, SHOW TEACHER IMAGE+ description + post list
WPBeginner Support says
Deepa, yes you can create a function that checks for all categories in functions.php and then call it in your category.php file.
Administrador
Lars says
Hey! I have trouble with the theme I am developing. I want to show only one category pr. page, but when all posts for all categories shows up on all the pages. How can I show just one category pr. page without having to make a specific page for each page specifying the name of the category?
WPBeginner Support says
You can use conditional tags in WordPress, or simply add your categories in the navigation menu.
Administrador
Muhammed Ashique Kuthini says
Can i get a function like showposts in this loop ? I am designer and recently came with development. I need to show the most recent post of the selected category in a different style.
WPBeginner Support says
Here is how to display recent posts from a category in WordPress.
Administrador
Cath says
This seems straightforward but I’m having problems. I’m creating a child theme from a parent theme. The parent theme has an archive.php file only. In my child folder I want the archive.php for my Archives widget and for my Category widget, I want a category.php file. I’ve copied the archive.php code into a blank php file and saved it as category.php. The archive.php still defaults for both. Am I missing something? Thank you.
WPBeginner Support says
Nope you are not missing anything. category.php should take over when ever a user is browsing a category page. This could happen for a number of reasons. For example WordPress may not be able to identify category.php file. Can you open category.php file in Appearance » Editor. Double check that you have not accidentally saved category.php as category.php.txt. Also check out our guide on creating child themes to make sure that you have created a child theme correctly.
Administrador
Cath says
Hi. I am able to open category.php with the Appearance>Editor. Does the category.php file need to be added somewhere? Thank you.
WPBeginner Support says
It should be in your theme or child theme.
Cath says
Hi. I am able to open category.php with the Appearance>Editor. The file is saved in my child theme with the rest of my files that are working on my site. Do I need to add it to the functions.php file in order for WordPress to use category.php instead of archive.php?
Saravana says
Thanks a lot, You saved my time.
Lex says
Thanks for your great article. Very helpful.
I have a custom post type – ”video”, and a custom taxonomy – “video_categories” What would be the best way display them? I need a “home” for all videos, and a page that lists videos from a category.
archive-videos.php – “home” listing page for all videos of all categories
taxonomy-video_categories.php – a category listing page
This is what I am thinking about. I feel there should be a better way. At the moment these two files have exactly the same code which is duplication.
Thanks in advance for sharing your experience
Ryan says
Nice tutorial.
Amit Kumar says
I liked the Idea of creating different designs for each category page. Can you please tell me how can I achieve a particular design for post under one specific category?
For eg. All the post under category “Design” will have a particular design format and background etc.
I would be glad to have any link which can provide any hint related to this.
Editorial Staff says
You would have to use conditional statement in your single.php file.
Administrador
Mark Roth says
I’ve been wanting to do this for quite a while. It’s not that I don’t know how to do it, it’s that I keep forgetting…and being distracted by more important projects. Your post is a great reminder…and will be a handy reference point. I’ve added it to my bookmarks. Thanks!