.htaccess is a configuration file used by the Apache webserver. It’s a hidden file located in the root folder of your website and contains rules about how the webserver should function.
WordPress automatically stores some of its settings in .htaccess, and advanced users can edit the file manually to configure their website and solve problems.
Other webservers don’t use the .htaccess file. For example, if your WordPress hosting provider uses Nginx or Microsoft Windows Server, then your site will not have a .htaccess file.
How WordPress Uses the .htaccess File
WordPress automatically stores some of its settings in the .htaccess file. For example, it uses .htaccess when it rewrites URLs to make them more readable by humans and search engines.
When you navigate to Settings » Permalinks and select the URL structure for your blog, WordPress automatically rewrites your .htaccess file to handle the URL structure you select.
Also, plugins such as W3 Total Cache will modify your .htaccess file in order to configure the caching and optimization tools that are part of the plugin.
How to Manually Configure the .htaccess File
Manually editing the .htaccess file is risky, as it can cause major server errors if configured incorrectly. We recommend you download a copy of your .htaccess file to your computer as a backup. You can use that file in case anything goes wrong.
Sometimes WordPress is unable to write to the .htaccess file and will ask you to do it manually. Be careful to only copy the exact contents given to you by WordPress.
You can also see our guide on the most useful .htaccess tricks for WordPress where we share code snippets that let you tweak your website. We show you how to password protect your WordPress admin area, set up redirects, ban suspicious IP addresses, and much more.
Beyond that, when you search WPBeginner for .htaccess you’ll find dozens of articles that show you how to edit .htaccess to improve your site and solve specific problems.
How to Access the .htaccess File
To access the .htaccess file, you’ll need to use an FTP client or the file manager option in your WordPress hosting control panel. If you haven’t used FTP before, then you may want to see our guide on how to use FTP to upload files to WordPress.
You should find .htaccess in the root directory of your WordPress site. However, your FTP client may not initially show the file, since file names starting with a period are considered hidden by the server.
If you can’t see these hidden files, then you will need to enable the ‘show hidden files’ option in your FTP client. If you still cannot find your .htaccess file, then see our guide on how to find the .htaccess file in WordPress.
We hope this article helped you learn more about .htaccess in WordPress. You may also want to see our Additional Reading list below for related articles on useful WordPress tips, tricks, and ideas.
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